11分钟实现SpringBoot实现邮件发送

SpringBoot

发布日期: 2020-03-20

更新日期: 2020-04-19

文章字数: 1.1k

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11分钟实现SpringBoot实现邮件发送

一个人的快乐，不是因为他拥有的多，而是因为他计较的少

邮件发送在很多场景都需要使用，比如注册登录需要邮箱验证等；

而要想网络上实现邮件功能，必须要有专门的邮件服务器。这些邮件服务器类似于现实生活中的邮局，它主要负责接收用户投递过来的邮件，并把邮件投递到邮件接收者的电子邮箱中。

一、邮件传输协议

SMTP服务器地址

一般是 smtp.xxx.com，比如163邮箱是smtp.163.com，qq邮箱是smtp.qq.com。
SMTP协议

通常把处理用户smtp请求(邮件发送请求)的服务器称之为SMTP服务器(邮件发送服务器)。
POP3协议

通常把处理用户pop3请求(邮件接收请求)的服务器称之为POP3服务器(邮件接收服务器)。

二、邮件发送流程

三、SpringBoot整合

pom

<!--添加maill的依赖支持-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>

yml

spring:
  mail:
    #自定义的邮箱发送者
    sender: athink8@163.com
    host: smtp.163.com    #服务地址
    username: athink8@163.com #邮件发送者
    password: asdfghjkqwert    #smtp/POP3 密钥
    protocol: smtp    #服务协议
    default-encoding: UTF-8

类MailBean

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * author: jz
 * Time: 2019/9/24 13:54
 **/
public class MailBean implements Serializable {
    private String recipient;   //邮件接收人
    private String subject; //邮件主题
    private String content; //邮件内容
    private String attachmentFilename; //附件内容
    private String attachmentSource; //附件路径内容

    public MailBean(String recipient, String subject, String content, String attachmentFilename, String attachmentSource) {
        this.recipient = recipient;
        this.subject = subject;
        this.content = content;
        this.attachmentFilename = attachmentFilename;
        this.attachmentSource = attachmentSource;
    }

    public MailBean(String recipient, String subject, String content) {
        this.recipient = recipient;
        this.subject = subject;
        this.content = content;
    }

    public MailBean() {
    }

mail操作类

package athink.athink_travel.service;

import athink.athink_travel.domain.MailBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;

/**
 * author: jz
 * Time: 2019/9/24 14:06
 **/

@Service
public class MailService {

    @Value("${spring.mail.sender}") //yml里的配置
    private String MAIL_SENDER; //邮件发送者

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender javaMailSender;

    /**
     * 发送一个简单格式的邮件
     *
     * @param mailBean
     */
    public void sendSimpleMail(MailBean mailBean) {
        try {
            SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();
            //邮件发送人
            simpleMailMessage.setFrom(MAIL_SENDER);
            //邮件接收人
            simpleMailMessage.setTo(mailBean.getRecipient());
            //邮件主题
            simpleMailMessage.setSubject(mailBean.getSubject());
            //邮件内容
            simpleMailMessage.setText(mailBean.getContent());
            //这里添加抄送人名称列表
            String[] ccList = new String[]{MAIL_SENDER};
            simpleMailMessage.setCc(ccList);
            //这里添加密送人名称列表
            String[] bccList = new String[]{MAIL_SENDER};
            simpleMailMessage.setBcc(bccList);
            //发送邮件
            javaMailSender.send(simpleMailMessage);
            System.out.println("邮件发送success");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("邮件发送失败：" + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 发送一个HTML格式的邮件
     *
     * @param mailBean
     */
    public void sendHTMLMail(MailBean mailBean) {
        MimeMessage mimeMailMessage = null;
        try {
            mimeMailMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
            MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMailMessage, true);
            mimeMessageHelper.setFrom(MAIL_SENDER);
            mimeMessageHelper.setTo(mailBean.getRecipient());
            mimeMessageHelper.setSubject(mailBean.getSubject());
            mimeMessageHelper.setText(mailBean.getContent(), true);
            //这里添加抄送人名称列表
            String[] ccList = new String[]{MAIL_SENDER};
            mimeMessageHelper.setCc(ccList);
            //这里添加密送人名称列表
            String[] bccList = new String[]{MAIL_SENDER};
            mimeMessageHelper.setBcc(bccList);
            javaMailSender.send(mimeMailMessage);
            System.out.println("邮件发送success");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("邮件发送失败：" + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 发送带附件格式的邮件
     *
     * @param mailBean
     */
    public void sendAttachmentMail(MailBean mailBean) {
        MimeMessage mimeMailMessage = null;
        try {
            mimeMailMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
            MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMailMessage, true);
            mimeMessageHelper.setFrom(MAIL_SENDER);
            mimeMessageHelper.setTo(mailBean.getRecipient());
            mimeMessageHelper.setSubject(mailBean.getSubject());
            mimeMessageHelper.setText(mailBean.getContent(), true);
            //这里添加抄送人名称列表
            String[] ccList = new String[]{MAIL_SENDER};
            mimeMessageHelper.setCc(ccList);
            //这里添加密送人名称列表
            String[] bccList = new String[]{MAIL_SENDER};
            mimeMessageHelper.setBcc(bccList);
            //文件路径
            FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(mailBean.getAttachmentSource()));
            mimeMessageHelper.addAttachment(mailBean.getAttachmentFilename(), file);

            javaMailSender.send(mimeMailMessage);
            System.out.println("邮件发送success");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("邮件发送失败：" + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 发送带静态资源的邮件
     *
     * @param mailBean
     */
    public void sendInlineMail(MailBean mailBean) {
        MimeMessage mimeMailMessage = null;
        try {
            mimeMailMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
            MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMailMessage, true);
            mimeMessageHelper.setFrom(MAIL_SENDER);
            mimeMessageHelper.setTo(mailBean.getRecipient());
            mimeMessageHelper.setSubject(mailBean.getSubject());
            mimeMessageHelper.setText("<html><body>" + mailBean.getContent() + "</body></html>", true);
            //这里添加抄送人名称列表
            String[] ccList = new String[]{MAIL_SENDER};
            mimeMessageHelper.setCc(ccList);
            //这里添加密送人名称列表
            String[] bccList = new String[]{MAIL_SENDER};
            mimeMessageHelper.setBcc(bccList);
            //文件路径
            FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(mailBean.getAttachmentSource()));
            mimeMessageHelper.addAttachment(mailBean.getAttachmentFilename(), file);

            javaMailSender.send(mimeMailMessage);
            System.out.println("邮件发送success");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("邮件发送失败：" + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

}

好了，测试下呗

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class AthinkTravelApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    UserService userservice;

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() throws Exception {
        test();
    }

    MailService mailService;

    public void test() throws Exception { // 做测试用
        MailBean mail1 = new MailBean("888880@qq.com", "Athink -注册用户激活",
                "尊敬的用户你好：" + "<br/><a href=\"http://localhost:8080/user/code?email=" + 123 + "&code=" + 123 + "\">点击激活</a>");
        mailService.sendHTMLMail(mail1);

    }